Trump’s 28-point Ukraine plan triggers European concern

• E3 officials (UK, France, Germany) meet US and Ukrainian counterparts Sunday in Geneva to discuss Trump’s peace plan.
• The US shared all 28 points of Trump’s proposal with Kyiv; critics say it heavily favours Russia.
• Zelensky rejects the plan, which requires Ukraine to cede territory and renounce NATO membership.

Security officials from Britain, France and Germany are set to meet their US and Ukrainian counterparts in Geneva on Sunday to discuss President Donald Trump’s controversial plan to end the war in Ukraine, according to diplomatic sources at the G20 summit in South Africa.

One European source said the advisers from the E3, Britain, France and Germany, would travel to Geneva on Sunday. Another confirmed that the talks will bring together representatives from the United States, the E3 and Ukraine.

The meeting follows Washington’s decision to share with Kyiv all 28 points of its draft peace proposal, a plan widely criticised by analysts as heavily tilted toward Russia. Although the US has not released the document publicly, a Ukrainian official is understood to have shared the details with international media.

The 28 Points of Trump’s Ukraine Proposal

1. Confirmation of Ukraine’s sovereignty.
2. A comprehensive non-aggression pact between Russia, Ukraine and Europe, settling all disputes of the past 30 years.
3. A commitment that Russia will not invade neighbouring states and NATO will halt further expansion.
4. A US-mediated Russia–NATO security dialogue aimed at de-escalation and future cooperation.
5. Reliable security guarantees for Ukraine.
6. Capping the Ukrainian Armed Forces at 600,000 personnel.
7. Ukraine to constitutionally renounce NATO membership; NATO to formally agree it will never admit Ukraine.
8. NATO will not station troops in Ukraine.
9. European fighter jets will be based in Poland.
10. US security guarantees to Kyiv will include caveats: (Ukraine will compensate the US for the guarantee; Any Ukrainian invasion of Russia voids the guarantee; Any Russian invasion triggers a coordinated military response and restores global sanctions on Moscow; Unprovoked Ukrainian missile strikes on Moscow or St. Petersburg will nullify the guarantee.
11. Ukraine will be eligible for EU membership and receive provisional access to the EU market.
12. A global reconstruction package will be established, including: (A Ukraine Development Fund supporting technology, AI and data-center investments; US-Ukrainian cooperation to rebuild gas infrastructure; Joint rehabilitation of war-damaged areas; Infrastructure development; Extraction of minerals and natural resources; A World Bank financing plan)
13. Russia will be reintegrated into the global economy: (Sanctions lifted gradually; US–Russia long-term economic cooperation in energy, infrastructure, AI, Arctic mining and more; Russia rejoining the G8)
14. Frozen Russian assets will be allocated as follows: ($100bn invested in US-led Ukraine reconstruction; The US to receive 50% of profits; Europe to add $100bn for Ukraine’s reconstruction; Remaining frozen assets placed in a US–Russia investment vehicle for joint projects)
15. Creation of a US–Russia security working group to monitor compliance.
16. Russia to legally enshrine a policy of non-aggression toward Europe and Ukraine.
17. Renewal of US–Russia nuclear arms treaties, including START I.
18. Ukraine reaffirms its non-nuclear status under the NPT.
19. The Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant to restart under IAEA supervision, with electricity split 50:50 between Russia and Ukraine.
20. Both states commit to educational programmes promoting cultural tolerance: (Ukraine will adopt EU rules on religious and linguistic minority protections; Both sides will eliminate discrimination and protect media and education rights; All Nazi ideology and activities to be banned)
21. Territorial arrangements: (Crimea, Luhansk and Donetsk to be recognised de facto as Russian, including by the US; Kherson and Zaporizhzhia frozen along the current line of contact; Russia to relinquish agreed territories outside the five regions; Ukrainian forces to withdraw from the Ukrainian-held area of Donetsk, creating a demilitarised buffer zone internationally recognised as part of Russia; Russian troops will not enter this buffer zone)
22. Both parties pledge not to alter territorial arrangements by force; security guarantees lapse if violated.
23. Russia will allow Ukraine access to the Dnipro River for commerce and facilitate Black Sea grain transport.
24. A humanitarian committee will oversee: (An “all-for-all” exchange of prisoners and bodies; Return of civilian detainees and abducted children; Family reunification efforts; Measures to assist conflict victims)
25. Ukraine to hold national elections within 100 days. 
26. Full amnesty for all parties for wartime actions, with no future claims pursued.
27. A legally binding agreement overseen by a “Peace Council” headed by Donald J. Trump, with sanctions for violations.
28. A ceasefire will take effect immediately after both sides pull back to the agreed positions.

Zelensky Rejects the Plan; Putin Welcomes It

President Volodymyr Zelensky on Friday rejected the proposal, citing the requirement to cede territory to Russia and permanently abandon NATO membership. Russian President Vladimir Putin welcomed the initiative but simultaneously threatened continued military action if no agreement is reached.

Speaking at the White House, Trump warned Ukraine against dismissing the deal. “They better like it. And if they don’t like it, as you know, they’re going to have to continue fighting,” he told reporters. In an interview with Fox News, Trump said: “I think Thursday is a reasonable deadline,” referring to 27 November, the US Thanksgiving holiday.

European Leaders Scramble for a Response

Zelensky held urgent talks Friday with European leaders, French President Emmanuel Macron, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and British Prime Minister Keir Starmer. EU leaders reiterated support for Ukraine, while European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said G20 leaders would meet Saturday on the sidelines of the summit to discuss the proposal.

Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andriy Sybiha also held joint calls with his European counterparts to examine the plan. “We discussed in detail the elements of the US peace proposal and our joint work toward a viable path to a just peace,” he said.

British Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper stressed the need for a “just and lasting peace,” adding: “Ukraine must decide its own future.”

G20 Leaders Express Alarm: Plan ‘Requires Additional Work’

World leaders on Saturday voiced concern that the US blueprint grants substantial concessions to Moscow and was drafted with limited European or Ukrainian input. They highlighted particular concern over proposed limitations on Ukraine’s armed forces.

“We reiterate that elements relating to the EU and NATO require the consent of EU and NATO members,” the G20 statement said.

While acknowledging that the proposal contains “important elements essential for a just and lasting peace,” leaders argued the draft “requires additional work.”

Chancellor Merz said at the summit that the war can “only be ended with the consent of Ukraine and also our consent, the European consent, because it is a war on the European continent.”

High-Level US–Ukraine Talks in Switzerland

Top US and Ukrainian officials will meet Sunday in Geneva to refine language in the draft before a potential Trump–Zelensky meeting. Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Ambassador Steve Witkoff are expected to attend the talks.